![]() ![]() « lessĪuthors: Adams, G B Hollandsworth, R P Webber, B D Publication Date: Research Org.: Lockheed Missiles and Space Co., Palo Alto, CA (USA). Significant technical progress was made in concept configuration and improving performance of the alkaline zine/ferricyanide battery. ![]() Other technical areas addressed include electrode substrate evaluation, solubilities and conductivities of zinc oxide and sodium ferro- and ferricyanide in sodium hydroxide electrolytes, mechanism of the slow chemical deligation of alkaline ferricyanide and its reversal, optimal compositions of zincate and iron redox electrolytes, effect of electrolyte flow rate and additions on quality of zinc electrodeposits, cell and electrode design and fabrication, more » and full and half-cell cyclic testing. A major effort was successfully completed on design, construction, programing, and debugging of a microprocessor-controlled battery cycling system, which is the heart of the cell cycling test facility developed on this project. An updated, upgraded economic analysis suggests a battery selling price of $32/kWh, installed price of $230/kW, and footprint of 8.7 kWh/ft/sup 2/ as realistic goals for a 20-MW, 100-MWh system. Mean energy efficiency is 84% at 760 and 86% at 1110 4-hour cycles in full-cell and redox half-cell cycling, respectively. This battery meets the requirements for this application with cell voltages of 1.94 V on charge and 1.78 V on discharge (35 mA/cm/sup 2/) at 40/sup 0/C, with peak power density of 4.5 kW/m/sup 2/. First-year contract effort was directed primarily to assessing technical and economic feasibility of the alkaline zinc/ferricyanide rechargeable battery for utility load-leveling applications. ![]()
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